At least two perspectives of design undertaking are consistent with the action-centric perspective. Both involve three undemanding activities.
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A design process is a widespread philosophy that could or won't include a aid for particular methods. Some are to guide the final goal of the design. Other tactics are to lead the developments of the designer.
地震情報 2020年08月10日 09時24分頃発生 最大震度：2 震源地：千葉
In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers trade among "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining aims and objectives. A "move" is a tentative layout decision. The analysis approach could result in added moves within the design.
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The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
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In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers trade among its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking involves both framing and comparing moves. Implementation is the method of making the layout object. Coevolution is "the approach wherein the design agent concurrently refines its intellectual image of the design item based on its mental image of the context, and vice versa"
