At least two perspectives of design endeavor are in step with the action-centric perspective. The two contain three undemanding activities.
WEBサンデー｜『葬送のフリーレン』原作：山田鐘人／作画
A design process is a preferred philosophy that could or may not comprise a guide for particular methods. Some are to steer the general goal of the design. Different tactics are to steer the developments of the designer.
「葬送のフリーレン」特集 有野晋哉（よゐこ）、浦井健治
In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers alternate between "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining goals and objectives. A "move" is a tentative layout decision. The analysis approach may result in further moves within the design.
「葬送のフリーレン」特集 有野晋哉（よゐこ）、浦井健治
The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
「葬送のフリーレン」特集 有野晋哉（よゐこ）、浦井健治
In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers exchange between its three titular activities. Sensemaking contains both framing and evaluating moves. Implementation is the method of creating the design object. Coevolution is "the method in which the layout agent concurrently refines its intellectual photograph of the design object in accordance with its intellectual image of the context, and vice versa"
