At least two views of design activity are per the action-centric perspective. Both contain 3 ordinary activities.
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A design procedure is a widespread philosophy that could or won't incorporate a aid for particular methods. Some are to steer the final target of the design. Other systems are to guide the traits of the designer.
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In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers trade among "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining goals and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The analysis process could bring about further strikes in the design.
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The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
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In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers exchange between its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking contains both framing and comparing moves. Implementation is the process of making the layout object. Coevolution is "the method wherein the design agent simultaneously refines its intellectual picture of the design item in keeping with its mental photograph of the context, and vice versa"
