A design procedure is a general philosophy which may or might not incorporate a guide for specific methods. Some are to guide the overall target of the design. Different systems are to steer the developments of the designer.
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In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers trade between "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining goals and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The evaluation approach could bring about further moves in the design.
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The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
【熊本地震】本震とされた揺れが前震に。地震の被害がさらに
In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers exchange among its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking involves both framing and evaluating moves. Implementation is the method of creating the layout object. Coevolution is "the procedure wherein the design agent concurrently refines its mental photograph of the design item in keeping with its intellectual image of the context, and vice versa"
