At least two perspectives of layout activity are in step with the action-centric perspective. Both involve three ordinary activities.
アゼルバイジャン旅行・ツアー・観光特集～カスピ海と
A layout strategy is a preferred philosophy which can or might not include a guide for particular methods. Some are to steer the final goal of the design. Different systems are to lead the developments of the designer.
「タンクに素早く燃料を補給する能力を失った」：アルメニア
In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers alternate among "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining aims and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The evaluation process could lead to further moves within the design.
アルメニアアゼルバイジャン戦争は、ジハード主義の参入後
The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
【アゼルバイジャン】バクー：空港から市内へ、わずか85円の
In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers trade between its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking involves both framing and evaluating moves. Implementation is the method of creating the layout object. Coevolution is "the method in which the design agent simultaneously refines its intellectual image of the design item in accordance with its intellectual picture of the context, and vice versa"
