A layout process is a preferred philosophy that could or might not include a guide for particular methods. Some are to steer the final target of the design. Different tactics are to steer the traits of the designer.
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In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers alternate among "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining goals and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The evaluation approach could lead to added moves in the design.
The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
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In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers trade between its three titular activities. Sensemaking involves both framing and evaluating moves. Implementation is the method of creating the layout object. Coevolution is "the approach where the design agent concurrently refines its mental photograph of the layout object in accordance with its mental picture of the context, and vice versa"