At least two views of design undertaking are consistent with the action-centric perspective. Both contain 3 undemanding activities.
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A design procedure is a general philosophy which may or won't comprise a guide for specific methods. Some are to lead the overall target of the design. Different systems are to lead the developments of the designer.
In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers alternate among "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining aims and objectives. A "move" is a tentative layout decision. The analysis procedure could result in added strikes in the design.
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The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers trade between its three titular activities. Sensemaking comprises both framing and comparing moves. Implementation is the method of creating the layout object. Coevolution is "the approach where the layout agent simultaneously refines its intellectual picture of the layout item in keeping with its mental image of the context, and vice versa"