At least two views of layout undertaking are consistent with the action-centric perspective. The two involve 3 ordinary activities.
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A layout strategy is a preferred philosophy that could or won't include a aid for specific methods. Some are to guide the general goal of the design. Different systems are to lead the tendencies of the designer.
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In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers alternate between "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining goals and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The evaluation procedure might bring about further strikes within the design.
The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
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In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers trade among its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking comprises both framing and evaluating moves. Implementation is the process of creating the design object. Coevolution is "the method in which the design agent concurrently refines its mental picture of the design item in keeping with its intellectual picture of the context, and vice versa"
