At least two perspectives of layout activity are per the action-centric perspective. The two involve 3 common activities.
地震情報 2020年08月10日 09時24分頃発生 最大震度：2 震源地：千葉
A layout procedure is a preferred philosophy that could or won't comprise a aid for particular methods. Some are to steer the general target of the design. Different procedures are to guide the traits of the designer.
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In the reflection-in-action paradigm, designers trade between "framing", "making moves", and "evaluating moves". "Framing" refers to conceptualizing the problem, i.e., defining aims and objectives. A "move" is a tentative design decision. The evaluation procedure could bring about further strikes in the design.
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The rational model was independently developed by Herbert A. Simon,[8][9] an American scientist, and two German engineering design theorists, Gerhard Pahl and Wolfgang Beitz
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In the sensemaking–coevolution–implementation framework, designers alternate between its 3 titular activities. Sensemaking comprises both framing and comparing moves. Implementation is the process of constructing the layout object. Coevolution is "the approach wherein the design agent concurrently refines its intellectual photograph of the design item in keeping with its mental photograph of the context, and vice versa"
